Monday, June 30, 2014

Stranger than fiction

Science fiction films contain some pretty odd stuff.  A semi-invisible "predator" that hunts its prey (including people) from trees in the jungle.  A hybrid race of spiders that infest a small American town and kill its residents with one bite.  A giant dinosaur-like creature that lives in the sea by day, and wreaks havoc on cities by night.  One thing all these movies have in common is that they are wholly or in part inspired by real creatures, creatures with appearances and habits so strange that most people are surprised to discover they actually exist.  Certainly, I am always amazed at what I witness when I enter the realm of nature.  And that is one of many reasons why I am passionate about nature - its denizens are the subjects of my own "creature features".  Thwarting convention, so many of the insects, arachnids, and other "bugs" I find are so otherworldly, they'd easily star in their own movies if only they could be blown up many times their size.  Stopping and admiring these fascinating animals up-close in their natural habitat is quite an experience.

I spent a short time yesterday morning walking through a dry upland prairie in Cook County.  Small in size and located between a road an an expressway, it cannot support the kind of life that could be found in larger, more balanced prairies.  It did, however, contain enough really cool bugs to keep my attention hostage nearly the whole time.


These gregarious insects were looking for love atop a prairie rose (Rosa arkansana).  I watched as what appeared to be multiple males battling for a female.  I cannot recall seeing these insects before.

 
This little insect larva will NOT make it to adulthood.  It lives its last moments in the beak of a grey catbird (Dumetella carolinensis).
A beautiful orange and black damselfly.  Dragonflies and damselflies are just two of many types of insects that begin life as aquatic larvae.  Mosquitoes are another.  I like damselflies more.
A crab spider lurking on a thistle bloom.  These spiders are true predators - most insects aren't aware of the presence of these arachnids until it's too late.  
I saw a few of these brown jumping spiders.  They are not easy to photograph as they are quite shy.  They need to be approached slowly and quietly.  This photo has actually been cropped to show some detail - in reality I was probably four feet away.  
This sinister-looking eight-legger has caught itself a boll weevil lunch.  These black spiders also were pretty common, and they too wanted nothing to do with me and fled upon approach.
This insect is probably the single most notorious bug the United States has witnessed over the last decade or so.  The emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) was unintentionally introduced to the Midwest region of the United States from Asia in 2002, and since then it has single-handedly destroyed hundreds of thousands of ash trees.  It lays its eggs under the bark of ash trees and its larvae feed on the layer of a tree between the heartwood and the bark (typically the phloem and sapwood).  Many ash trees die long slow deaths.  Here in Chicago, the city has been busy planning and implementing the removal of most ash trees.  Sadly, the ash borers spread rapidly and new sightings of these invasive pests are documented every day.  This particular ash borer represents the first time I have ever seen an adult insect.
One more crab spider, only this one is even more cryptic than the first.  You can see that it is poised to capture any insects that visits the flower.  The camouflage they exhibit is spectacular.
And if you still don't like bugs...

Some wild raspberries.
 Two different red-winged blackbirds that really were not fond of me walking near their trees.

Sunday, June 8, 2014

Calling all queen snakes...

Jeffrey Peffers and I spent a good deal of time yesterday in search of the elusive queen snake.  Our search encompassed three counties - Cook, DuPage, and Will - and we ultimately visited four sites, each with its own set of obstacles (mosquitoes, sheer cliff, loud, unruly people, and then heat (which led to exhaustion and dehydration).  This was my second outing this year so far in which my primary target, the queen snake, has eluded me.  Yet, I feel that we're getting closer.  I'm getting a better lay of the land where they can still be found.  They do not occur near me, and so finding them requires a planned weekend day.  Therefore, it has been a slow process but I think I should be able to document one/some by the end of the summer.

We were completely at the mercy of mosquitoes at the first site in our search, but the habitat was very good.  At our second site, the river that appeared close to the preserve parking lot on Google maps actually was down a very sheer, overgrown cliff.  Should have considered the topography factor in my research.  Since I value my life and the life of my nephew, we skipped the treacherous endeavor and headed to the third location.  There was a lot of evidence that queen snakes have been and are found here.  The site was a little too "manicured" for my taste; river backwaters lacked emergent vegetation, white paved paths meandered every which way and brought all kinds of people to the site.  There was a group of fishermen that were not helping their own cause by yelling, shouting, and overall being rambunctious.  We saw young Lithobates (probably bullfrogs) here, but not much else.  Finally, we ended up at the site where I searched for queen snakes in April.

While at the first site, Jeffrey and I were making our way along the point bar of the stream (in the "loop" section of a stream where sand and gravel accumulate) when I noticed a limp snake on the cut bank opposite of where we were standing (the cut bank is where the river turns into the bank and causes erosion).  I traversed across a fallen tree over the stream to get to the other side and, lying on my belly, reached down and grabbed the snake, which I thought was dead.  When I got to my feet I realized it was not dead yet but was barely alive - an adult Northern water snake (Nerodia sipedon).  The animal had been subjected to a beating of some kind and whether it was caused by human or natural predator, I'm not sure.  It moved its head and flicked its tongue a couple times, but otherwise was lifeless.  It was clear as I held it that it had suffered devastating internal damage.  I only hope it was a natural situation and not the result of some idiot who stomped it to near death only to kick it off the bank.  I placed it back onto the bank, knowing it wouldn't survive long.



We saw a lot of these crane flies, along with their aquatic larvae.
Spiderwort (Tradescantia sp.)
Jeffrey caught a few of these large aquatic snails.
 Spider with damselfly
 Damselfly
 Maybe I got too close...
Jeffrey and one of many many millipedes crossing the path
 Fishing spider
 This ended up being the closest we'd get to finding a queen snake.
Another "lifer" for me - no idea what this is!
 I found this neonate Northern water snake under a flat rock along the edge of the stream.
 Then I found this one as it was making it way toward the water from some weeds.  I almost didn't catch it!

Succession

The Trestle - code name for the closest natural area to my home, and location of the most local populations of plains garter snakes and brown snakes.  I have blogged about the Trestle many times before and my descriptions and photos of the area could easily lend to the discovery of it by readers.  I have a love/hate relationship with the Trestle - I love that there is a forest preserve so close by that supports remnant populations of snakes.  I hate what it has become, a cesspool for ne'er do wells, creepers, druggies, ritualists, and hobos.  Essentially, the area is forest preserve bisected by an abandoned railroad right-of-way and the North Branch of the Chicago River.  A trestle is located at the junction of the river and the railroad line and is the namesake of the area.  The trestle is kind of like the hub of most of the suspicious activity, although over the years I've witnessed shadiness at every single corner of the preserve.  Graffiti and spray paint cans litter the entire area.  Long-deserted hobo camps, extensive in nature and in various stages of decomposition, dot the preserve, and black garbage bags full of construction material strewn about are only one of the few signs that this site is often used as a dumping ground.  I cannot forget the used needles and prophylactics that remind me that I always need to keep the eyes in the back of my head wide open.

In spite of the careless treatment the preserve has had to endure, there are still signs that prove nature can and will find a way to fight back to regain its rightful position in the hierarchy of existence.  Just like a scene out of a post-apocalyptic movie, man-made infrastructure that once represented human progress now crumbles under the quick return and encroachment of weedy brush and invasive species.  Old wooden poles that once ran parallel to the tracks toppled under the weight of the vines that covered them.  A "secret" abandoned cemetery, located in a dark, leafy enclave of the preserve and protected by an army of dedicated, fearless mosquitoes, resembles a jungle more so than it does a perpetual place of rest.  Old vehicles, long ago stolen, burned, and pushed off the railroad embankment, now wallow half-buried in the mud of the bottomland hardwood forest ecosystem.

The most success nature has had, however, is in the way the prairie has emerged from the right-of-way itself.  It wasn't long ago when big rumbling freight trains chugged their way through a sterile rocky corridor through the woods.  Less than twenty years later, the embankment has been allowed to be taken over by all forms of plant life - some native, some introduced.  The substrate of sharp crushed stone, intended to reduce or restrict plant life, has surrendered to an onslaught of greenery.  The railway ballast overall has leveled out considerably  in the absence of maintenance.  It is an example of ecological succession - the evolution of a biological community.  Much like how a landscape slowly evolves following a volcanic eruption or how a woodland recovers from a devastating wildfire, this area has slowly been shaped into a new community following disturbance.  The best part is, is that right now it is still happening. It hasn't yet reached an equilibrium the way a more intricately-woven ecosystem can and does.  So, a visit to the Trestle can produce different results year to year.  It is quite fascinating, and is something most wouldn't really notice unless you knew what to watch for.


Honey bee digging for gold
 Western salsify (Tragopogon dubius) - native to Eurasia, now naturalized in this region and often considered an invasive species.
Thistle - nature's mean joke.
What's this?  A native plant?  The yarrow (Achillea millefolium), long known for its herbal/medicinal properties.
 Succession following less than twenty years of trainless activity.
A sad commentary on values toward nature.
 Midland brownsnake (Storeria dekayi) in its "natural habitat".
A larger brownsnake.
Some people get excited over the newest iPhone, others over who wears what on the red carpet.  Me?  Finding something so interesting for the first time, such as this shiny metallic beetle that I've yet to positively identify.

 The secret abandoned cemetery.  In actuality, this was the corner of a currently-existing cemetery that was allowed to grow wild for one reason or another.  In the 1990s, the cemetery sold a big chunk of the land to developers, who promptly constructed what else?  A large complex of condos and a cul de sac.  This development separated the main cemetery from the overgrown corner, and the "lost" cemetery can only be accessed via a hold in a chain-link fence in the woods (but it is NOT easy) or from the "backyards" of the condos.  The condo association keeps trying to repair the fence in order to keep people out because they feel others have no right to be there.  You know, because living in a condo that was built on a cemetery is completely sane and respectful.
 Vegetation in the lost cemetery is comprised mostly of invasive understory trees, buckthorn, shrubs, and lily of the valley.
I'm guessing the lily of the valley was originally planted as an ornamental to help beautify the cemetery.  It has gotten out of control over the last ninety years.
Drowning in weeds.
 Even military veterans are forgotten here.  I'm always surprised at how in this day in age, burials can simply be pushed to the side and forgotten.  Oh, for the love of money.